Kommentarer till utgåvan GNOME 2.20

GNOME:s klient för e-post och grupprogramvara, Evolution, har fått flera nya funktioner.

Den nya bilagsvarningen kan betyda slutet för alla de "Ledsen, jag glömde att bifoga filen"-meddelandena. Om du försöker att skicka ett e-postmeddelande som exempelvis innehåller ordet "bilaga" (eller liknande ord), men inte bifogar en fil, kommer du att se denna behjälpliga varning.

Figur 1 Evolutions funktion för varning för saknad bilaga.

Evolution visar nu en ikon i notifieringsytan i din panel när du har fått nya meddelanden. Observera att, på grund av att det här endast är en insticksmodul som ännu inte integrerats fullständigt i huvudinställningarna, du behöver inaktivera själva insticksmodulen om du vill inaktivera den här funktionen.

Figur 2 Evolutions nya notifieringsikon.

Flytta din konfiguration och e-postarkiv till en ny dator är nu mycket enklare tack vare den nya funktionen för säkerhetskopiering och återskapning.

Figur 3 Evolutions funktion för säkerhetskopiering.

Stöd för den nya "magiska blankstegstangenten" är svår att hitta, men användbar - det betyder att du bara behöver en tangent för att läsa nya meddelande i alla dina mappar. Tryck bara på blankstegstangenten för att rulla förhandsgranskningsfönstret för meddelanden till slutet av meddelandet, tryck sedan igen för att visa nästa olästa meddelande i den mappen. När du har läsa alla meddelanden i den mappen, tryck på den igen för att visa första olästa meddelande i nästa mapp.

Evolutions kalenderfunktion har även fått några användbara förbättringar. Sökgränssnittet tillåter avancerade sökningar liknande de som redan finns tillgängliga för e-postmeddelanden och adressboken samt att du kan spara dina sökningar för att köra dem igen senare. Rullgardinsmenyn Visa ger nu snabb åtkomst till dina möten de närmsta 7 dagarna och till aktiva möten.

Figur 4 Evolutions vy för 7-dagars händelser.

I tillägg har e-postklienten numera

Användare av Microsoft Exchange kommer att välkomna förbättringarna i Evolutions Exchange-stöd, vilka inkluderar:

GNOME:s integrerade webbläsare, Epiphany, har fått små men användbara förbättringar.

For instance, inline completion in the address bar is now more intuitive. When you use the cursor keys to select from the drop-down list, the current selection is shown immediately in the entry box, so it's easier to see what address will be used when you press enter. This drop-down menu lists addresses from both your history and bookmarks, and it now shows the web site icons (favicons) for history items, as it already did for bookmark items.

Figur 5 The web browser, showing bookmarks and history in the address bar, with favicons.

By popular request, there's a new "smooth scrolling" preference that makes it easier to see where to continue reading when scrolling large web pages. It is not enabled by default because several users have reported that it can cause eye strain.

GNOME's image viewer, eog, is now faster and more stable. The new image properties dialog provides easy access to basic information and metadata for your images, and now includes XMP (Extensible Metadata Platform) data that your camera or software might store in your image files, along with the existing EXIF data. This might include location, copyright information, license, and tags.

And you can now easily open an image in another application, such as the GIMP, by using the new "Open with..." menu item. When you've made your changes and saved the file then your picture will be updated in the image viewer automatically. This is also available in the new right-click menu in the image collection pane, at the bottom of the window, along with other useful actions. That image collection now has large vertical buttons at the left and right, making it easier to browse through your pictures.

Figur 6 Bildvisaren med egenskapsdialogen och menyn Öppna med.

GNOME's Evince viewer, for PDF and Postscript files now supports interactive PDF forms, allowing you to enter information into a PDF that you receive, to save or print. Page rendering is the new version is now noticeably faster.

Figur 7 Dokumentvisaren, redigering av ett formulär.

Du kan även nu spara bilder från PDF-dokument och skriva ut dokument med flera PDF-sidor per ark.

Not all distributions like to install all multimedia codecs by default, due to the need to obtain patent licenses for some codecs in some countries. This means that applications can not always read every file format by default. But applications such as GNOME's video player, Totem, can now offer these new codecs to the user for installation. This is actually implemented by your distribution, which may make its own decisions about how to obtain the codecs. Here's how it looks in Ubuntu:

Figur 8 Videospelaren erbjuder hämtning av en kodek.

Totem's support for embedded videos in web pages has also improved, supporting more web pages, showing a pulsing play button when you need to press play to start the video, and now allowing you to go into full-screen mode from the web page.

Tomboy, the GNOME note taking application, has also added some significant new features, the first of which is note synchronization. Tomboy can now use WebDAV or ssh to connect to a remote server and synchronize all the notes that a user has made. This allows for users who use multiple computers to keep one set of synchronized notes between all the machines. Simple conflict resolution between the server and the Tomboy clients ensures that there is no data loss in case of a note conflict.

Figur 9 Tomboy med synkronisering av anteckningar mellan två datorer.

Furthermore, Tomboy now remembers your open notes, showing them again when you restart the application.

GNOME's simple but powerful text editor, gedit, has an all-new syntax-highlighting system which now supports syntax highlighting for scripting languages such as PHP and Ruby even when embedded in HTML, as well as highlighting of text such as "TODO" or "FIXME" inside code comments, and highlighting of gtk-doc source code documentation.

You can even choose from several color schemes in case you are already familiar with the colors used by a different text editor.

Figur 10 Textredigerarens färgscheman.

The file chooser dialog now shows the recent files list and can use desktop search systems such as Beagle or Tracker, making it easier to find your files when you need them, without interruption.

Figur 11 Performing a search in the file chooser dialog.

The Nautilus file manager now shows more information in the "Properties" window for drives, including a pie graph that easily shows how much space is left. In addition, you can now see the overall disk usage in the Disk Usage Analyzer utility.

Figur 12 Egenskapsdialogen för en hårddisk.

(Observant users will notice the bug with the type, size, and mime type information in that screenshot. We hope to have that fixed for GNOME 2.22.)

The file manager also now uses the EXIF camera information in some image files to rotate its thumbnails when appropriate. This means that, when you take a picture with your camera and import it into GNOME, the orientation of the thumbnail will be correct, whether it was taken as landscape or portrait.

Figur 13 Filhanteraren visar miniatyrbilder med korrekt orientering.

The file-roller archive manager can now open and save archives from networked locations, such as mounted ssh:// servers, by using the same gnome-vfs system that is already used by other GNOME applications. It is also now possible to copy/paste and drag-and-drop files between archives.

The GNOME Panel can be seen at the top and bottom of your screen in most distributions. It has some small but helpful improvements in GNOME 2.20. For instance, the Window List applet no longer resizes its buttons whenever the length of window titles change. This avoids annoying resizes when changing tabs in your web browser. And the Window Selector applet now sorts its drop-down list by workspace.

Users of "floating panels" (which don't expand to fill the whole screen width) might notice that these panels now remain in the correct position and alignment when changing screen resolution. More work to improve the repositioning of panel applets when changing screen resolution is planned for GNOME 2.22.

For GNOME 2.20, the control panels have been reorganized slightly to reduce the number of control panels, making it easier to find what you need.

For instance, this release marks the debut of the new Appearance control panel applet. The Theme, Background, Fonts, and Interface applets have been merged to create this new applet, simplifying the Preferences menu.

Figur 14 The Appearance control panel.

In addition, some of the Accessibility preferences have been moved to a new tab in the Preferred Applications control panel.

Figur 15 The Accessibility tab in the Preferred Applications control panel.

Wireless users may also welcome the new support for WPA encryption in the Network control panel.

The GNOME Keyring system remembers your passwords for networked servers and web sites. In GNOME 2.20, the keyring is unlocked automatically when you login and when you unlock your screen, avoiding the need for an extra password prompt. Note, however, that this feature requires some work by your distribution. You can now also change your keyring's master password via the Encryption Preferences control panel, in the GNOME Keyring tab.

Figur 16 Nyckelringsfliken i kontrollpanelen för Krypteringsinställningar.

The Password and Encryption Keys utility now shows more notification details when you import keys, and allows you to choose the archive type when encrypting multiple files.

Figur 17 Kryptera flera filer.

This release has seen some large changes in the infrastructure of the GNOME help browser (yelp), improving the style and layout. In addition, the colors now better match your current theme.

Help pages also now appear more quickly, as individual pages are now loaded on demand instead of the entire manual being parsed unnecessarily.

Figur 18 Hjälpbläddraren

GNOME's Power Manager now saves profile information about your batteries over time, to provide a far more accurate estimation of the time remaining, even with old worn-out batteries. It even knows about many battery models that have been recalled by their manufacturers.

Figur 19 Strömhanteraren varnar om ett uttjänt batteri.

Several parts of GNOME, such as the volume mixer have also been corrected to remove unnecessary polling, resulting in power savings.

Users could already choose their preferred language when logging in to GNOME, but now they can even see the login screen in their own language as soon as they choose it, thanks to an improved GDM (Gnome Display Manager).

The GNOME Screensaver now allows people to leave you a note while your screen is locked, by clicking the "Leave Message" button. You'll see these messages when you login.

Figur 20 Notes left for you while your screensaver was active.

Languages such as Arabic and Hebrew are written from right to left. Users of these languages expect most user interface elements to be similarly mirrored, compared to left-to-right user interfaces. GNOME 2.20 improves the support in the following ways when using these languages:

Figur 21 Switching windows when using Arabic. Notice the reversed buttons in the window title bars.

Tillgänglighetsfunktionerna i GNOME kan anpassas för personer med olika funktionshinder så de kan använda GNOME. Skärmläsaren Orca är en huvuddelen för detta stöd och använder talsynteser, blindskriftsterminal (Braille) och skärmförstoring för att hjälpa personer med synsvårigheter.

Orca's main advantage is its application-specific support. This means that it has an understanding of the specific user interaction models of particular applications in addition to the general meta-information available via the ATK toolkit (and the AT-SPI system). For instance, the latest version adds greatly improved support for OpenOffice, Firefox, Thunderbird, Pidgin (previously known as GAIM) and Java applications. It also now deals with progress bars, tooltips, and notification messages, and can use custom pronunciations for special words.

Användarprofilredigeraren "Sabayon" låter administratörer konfigurera användarprofiler inom en levande, interaktiv GNOME-session. När en profil skapas eller redigeras, startas en nästlad GNOME-session upp, vilken administratören kan använda för att ändra GConf-standardvärden och obligatoriska nycklar i sin egna GNOME-session.

Within the nested window a system administrator can create personalized profiles based on job description (e.g. receptionist, data entry clerk, programmer, human resources manager, etc.). These profiles can then be saved and deployed to various desktop machines with ease, saving the system administrator time. The profiles can also be modified and fine tuned as needed based on user feedback. Since they are in a centralized location they allow easy maintenance and deployment.

In GNOME 2.20 the User Profile Editor can also be used to set default preferences for OpenOffice applications in addition to the existing support for GNOME and Mozilla applications.

Figur 22 Setting default OpenOffice preferences for a user profile.

GDM now has better utmp/wtmp auditing, so when users log in or log out entries are placed in /var/adm/utmp and /var/adm/wtmp. For instance, this allows programs such as who and finger to use the utmp database to get information about who is on the system. In addition, support for Linux auditing, via libaudit, logs the success or failure of each login attempt with the Linux kernel audit system.

GDM kan även nu använda RBAC (rollbaserad åtkomstkontroll) för att kontrollera åtkomsten till funktionerna Stäng av, Starta om och Vänteläge/Viloläge.

GNOME 2.20 uses version 2.12 of the GTK+ UI toolkit API, which adds new features and important bug-fixes. The largest changes are:

Se även listan över nya funktioner i GTK+ 2.12. Fullständig information finns i en serie (se 1, 2, 3, 4) e-postmeddelanden från Matthias Clasen

The Glib utility library now has a g_get_user_special_dir() that provides the path to special folders defined by FreeDesktop.org's xdg-user-dirs specification and tool.

And for text processing, the new GRegex API provides regular expression string matching without the need for an additional library.

Textrenderingssystemet Pango har fått flera förbättringar.

For instance, it has a new shaping engine for the N'Ko script used by the minority Mande languages in West Africa. These languages have not been well served by computer systems until now.

Figur 23 An example from the N'Ko shaping engine.

The improved OpenType Layout engine helps Pango to select the correct Glyph depending on the current language.

Figur 24 Pango's OpenType layout engine choosing the correct glyph.

I tillägg till det har den nya versionen av Pango fått:

Användargränssnittsbyggaren Glade har fått många förbättringar, lägga till användargränssnitt och arkitekturella förbättringar. Till exempel verktygsfönster, såsom redigeraren, inspekteraren och paletten, är numera möjliga att docka.

Figur 25 Glade, med ett odockat fönster.

And you can now right-click on widgets to conveniently make some of these changes:

Library authors will be pleased to see that new widgets may be declared in the catalog without the need to write supporting source code, allowing developers to use your extra widgets in Glade.

The new accerciser Accessibility Explorer allows you to check whether your application provides the information needed by accessibility tools such as GNOME's Orca screenreader.

Figur 26 The Accerciser utility examining an application's user interface.

GNOME's new documentation website, library.gnome.org, lists all the latest tutorials, manuals and API references. It's the result of a Google Summer Of Code project which ensures that the online documentation stays up-to-date, even showing several versions of the same documents, in multiple languages too.

Det inkluderar det nya dokumentet Översikt över GNOME-plattformen, som nu är en officiell del av GNOME:s programvaruutgåvor, i modulen gnome-devel-docs. Det är en bra plats för nya GNOME-utvecklare att starta.

Figur 27 GNOME:s nya onlinebibliotek för utvecklardokumentation.

For offline documentation, we strongly encourage the use of the DevHelp utility, particularly when searching for function or class names, though you must remember to install the relevant documentation packages from your distribution. DevHelp is also now part of GNOME's official Developer Tools release.