Así como os ficheiros que vostede crea, o seu computador tamén ten un número de ficheiros necesarios para que o sistema funcione correctamente. Se ditos ficheiros do sistema importantes cambian de forma non axeitada pode facer que algo se estrague, polo que están protexidos dos cambios por omisión. Certas aplicacións tamén modifican partes importantes do sistema polo que tamén están protexidos.
A forma na que están protexidos é permitindo só aos usuarios con privilexios administrativos cambiar os ficheiros ou usar as aplicacións. No uso diario non necesistará cambiar ningún ficheiro do sistema ou usar estas aplicacións así que de maneira predeterminada non terá privilexios administrativos.
A veces é preciso empregar estas aplicacións, polo que pode obter temporalmente privilexios de administrador para poder realizar os cambios. Se unha aplicación precisa de privilexios de administrador, pediráselle o seu contrasinal. Por exemplo, se desexa instalar un novo software, o instalador de software (xestor de paquetes) pediralle o seu contrasinal de administrador para que poida engadir o nova aplicación ao sistema. Unha vez teña rematado, os seus privilexios de administrarán quitaránselle de novo.
Administrative privileges are associated with your user account. Administrator users are allowed to have these privileges while Standard users are not. Without administrative privileges you will not be able to install software. Some user accounts (for example, the “root” account) have permanent administrative privileges. You should not use administrative privileges all of the time, because you might accidentally change something you did not intend to (like delete a needed system file, for example).
In summary, administrative privileges allow you to change important parts of your system when needed, but prevent you from doing it accidentally.
A user with administrative privileges is sometimes called a super user. This is simply because that user has more privileges than normal users. You might see people discussing things like su and sudo; these are programs for temporarily giving you “super user” (administrative) privileges.
Requiring users to have administrative privileges before important system changes are made is useful because it helps to prevent your system from being broken, intentionally or unintentionally.
If you had administrative privileges all of the time, you might accidentally change an important file, or run an application which changes something important by mistake. Only getting administrative privileges temporarily, when you need them, reduces the risk of these mistakes happening.
Only certain trusted users should be allowed to have administrative privileges. This prevents other users from messing with the computer and doing things like uninstalling applications that you need, installing applications that you don’t want, or changing important files. This is useful from a security standpoint.
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